Opinions of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council on improving the natural resource asset management system
BEIJING, July 13, Xinhua - Opinions of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council on improving the natural resource asset management system.
With the approval of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the following opinions are put forward in order to improve the natural resource asset management system, implement and unify the duties of owners of natural resource assets owned by the entire nation, and promote the safe, efficient, sustainable use of natural resources and asset preservation and appreciation.
I. General Requirements
Adhere to Xi Jinping's ideology of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era as the guide, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress and the 20th Plenary Session of the CPC, earnestly implement Xi Jinping's ideology of ecological civilization, firmly establish and implement the concept that green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains, respect nature, conform to nature, protect nature, handle the relationship between high-quality development and high level protection, and improve the natural resource asset property rights system. Strengthen the overall protection of natural resources, promote the efficient allocation of natural resource assets, protect the rights and interests of natural resource asset owners, and improve the natural resource asset management system Mechanisms strengthen supervision and management, secure the bottom line of resource safety, and provide strong support and guarantee for advancing the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
The main goals are: by 2030, the natural resource asset management system will be more complete, the entities responsible will be more clear, the asset base will be more effective, the overall protection will be more effective, the asset allocation will be more efficient, the assessment and supervision will be improved, all kinds of natural resource assets and the entire land space will be effectively protected, and the level of natural resource asset management will improve markedly. By 2035, the natural resource asset management system will operate smoothly, a comprehensive natural resource asset management system will be fully established, and the level of natural resource asset management will be improved comprehensively.
II. Figure out the source of natural resource assets
(1) Improve the unified investigation, monitoring and evaluation system for natural resources. Cover all kinds of natural resources such as land, minerals, forests, grasslands, wetlands, water, oceans, deserts, etc., as well as national parks, etc., and improve a unified survey standard system. Coordinate the implementation of land surveys and annual change surveys, special surveys and monitoring of natural resources, spatial dynamic monitoring, systematic comprehensive marine surveys, optimize forest, grassland, wetland desert surveys, etc., and comprehensively grasp the natural resources background. Promote the construction of a new basic surveying and mapping system, and construct a “one map” for natural resource management and territorial spatial planning based on unified spatio-temporal benchmarks. Strengthen the analysis and evaluation of survey and monitoring data based on a basic territorial spatial information platform, and improve the application and sharing mechanism of natural resource survey, monitoring and evaluation results. Accelerate the digital transformation of investigation and monitoring.
(2) Improve the natural resource asset inventory and statistical accounting system. Combining results such as natural resource surveys, territorial space monitoring, rights registration, and graded valuation, etc., regular natural resource asset inventories are carried out to check the physical volume, explore the accounting value, ascertain the natural resource asset base, and clarify the usage rights situation. Establish an annual update mechanism for natural resource asset inventory results, and strengthen the analysis and application of inventory results. Improve the statistics system for natural resource assets owned by the entire population. Improve the natural resources balance sheet preparation system and promote normalized preparation. Explore the development of natural capital accounting.
3. Improve the natural resource asset property rights system
(3) Improve the system of rights such as natural resource assets, benefits, and property rights. Adhere to the legalization of public ownership of resources and property rights, establish and protect the right to use natural resource assets in accordance with law, and promote the separation of ownership and use of natural resource assets. Establish and improve a natural resource asset rights system, clarify the content and exercise methods of corresponding rights, and resolve problems such as unclear rights when resource types overlap. Explore the establishment of separate land use rights for deep underground space construction, and improve an underground space rights system compatible with planning, protection and utilization methods. Promote the establishment of state-owned agricultural land use rights and improve the national agricultural land rights system. Improve the bridging mechanism for converting land use rights to land use rights after land reclamation. Establish a rights system for uninhabited islands. Promote water rights reform according to law and regulations, and clarify the water rights boundaries of various regions and types of water users.
(4) Comprehensively promote the unified registration of natural resources and real estate. Deepen the reform of the natural resource registration system, promote unified registration of natural resources such as waterflows, forests, mountains, grasslands, wasteland, tidal flats, marine areas, uninhabited islands, and proven mineral resources, and territorial spaces such as national parks, nature reserves, natural parks (including scenic spots), etc., and clarify property rights subjects and ownership boundaries for natural resource assets. Consolidate the achievements of the unified real estate registration reform and raise the level of standardization and convenience of registration. Deepen the update and application of rural collective land ownership registration results. Standardize and efficiently register forest rights, marine use rights, and uninhabited island use rights. Accelerate the improvement of the cadastral database and promote the formation of a unified property rights platform.
4. Strengthening the overall protection of natural resources
(5) Promote the preservation and appreciation of natural resource assets. Establish a natural resource asset management index system and play a guiding role, strengthen overall protection and rational use, strictly abide by the red line of arable land and permanent basic farmland protection, strengthen the red line constraints on ecological protection, and strictly control urban development boundaries. In conjunction with the preparation and implementation of the territorial spatial plan, we promote mixed land development, mixed use of space, and rational conversion of land use according to law. Improve the main functional area system, guide all regions to develop their comparative advantages based on resource endowments, and fully explore and enhance the value of natural resource assets. Strengthen ecological protection, restoration and system management throughout the natural resource development and utilization process, improve market-based diversified investment mechanisms, and promote the preservation and appreciation of natural resource assets through protection and restoration. Improve the value realization mechanism for ecological products, explore the establishment of a market-based trading mechanism for resource rights indicators, a balance mechanism for the occupation and restoration of natural shoreline in mainland China, and a trading incentive mechanism for construction land vacancy indicators within the red line of ecological protection, so as to share protection costs and share ecological benefits.
(6) Optimize natural resource asset reserve management mechanisms. Improve the hierarchical management of land reserves, and include all state-owned construction land for which no user rights have been determined in reserve management. Explore and develop comprehensive storage of natural resource assets, formulate natural resource asset reserve plans, classify and implement reserve asset management, mainly implement daily management of natural resource assets with obvious public welfare characteristics, and carry out necessary early development and temporary use of natural resource assets with obvious operational characteristics. Explore that eligible entities, such as agencies specializing in natural resource asset management, state-owned forestry or agricultural management units, undertake specific natural resource asset management, etc.
5. Promoting the efficient allocation of natural resource assets
(7) Improve natural resource asset market systems and rules. Deepen the reform of the system for the paid use of natural resource assets, establish and improve allocation rules for natural resource asset allocation, sale, leasing, price investment (shareholding), joint ventures and contract management according to law and regulations, improve relevant natural resource asset allocation contracts, clarify the rights, obligations and responsibilities of all parties, and implement full life cycle management. Explore the establishment of a system for paid use of state-owned agricultural land. Comprehensively promote the competitive sale of mining rights and strictly control the sale of agreements. Gradually increase the proportion of market-based allocation of marine use rights. Cultivate and standardize the water rights trading market. Formulate rules for grading and valuation of natural resource assets according to law and regulations, and improve the natural resource asset price system. Improve the natural resource asset trading mechanism, strengthen the monitoring and supervision of market dynamics, establish a market credit system, and maintain the order of the natural resource asset market.
(8) Construct a new model and path for natural resource asset allocation. According to national economic and social development plans and territorial spatial plans, explore and prepare natural resource asset allocation plans, distinguish public welfare and operational assets, delineate reserve areas and allocation units in the territorial spatial plan according to local conditions, and plan natural resource asset reserves, allocation, value realization, and revenue management in an integrated manner to form asset portfolio targets. Strengthen collaboration between natural resource asset allocation plans and territorial spatial planning, and clarify and refine the scale, use, structure, form, method, and timing of natural resource asset allocation in conjunction with the implementation of detailed planning requirements relating to the nature of land and space use and development intensity. Improve the multi-factor natural resource asset portfolio allocation rules and valuation technology system. Where the same user requires the overall use of various types of natural resource assets within a specific territorial space, the combined allocation can be implemented in accordance with law. The usage conditions, development requirements, starting price, revenue accounting, and ecological protection and restoration requirements for various types of natural resource assets are included in the combined target allocation plan, and the relevant departments are also announced to the public and signed asset allocation contracts, and the relevant departments supervise according to their responsibilities. Explore and study natural resource asset portfolio allocation income accounting methods according to resource types, and make good connections with natural resource asset income distribution and management systems.
6. Improve the supervision and assessment of natural resources assets
(9) Strengthen the management of natural resource asset returns. Establish a unified revenue management system for natural resource assets owned by the people, and include all relevant revenue in the government budget. Improve the national natural resource asset income and cost accounting system, and strengthen the management of natural resource asset income. Improve the distribution mechanism for value-added income from entering the market for rural collective management construction land.
(10) Strengthen natural resource asset management and supervision. Formulate management measures for the list of ownership resources of natural resource assets owned by the entire population, prepare a list of ownership resources, and clarify subjects, targets, rights, obligations, responsibilities, etc. Strengthen the supervision of the entire process of natural resource protection and utilization, and consolidate the protection responsibilities of the performing entities. Coordinate the assessment of natural resource asset management responsibilities, and explore the assessment and evaluation of natural resource asset performance entities. Give better play to the role of the national natural resources inspection mechanism, and monitor the performance of duties and protection of the rights and interests of owners of natural resource assets owned by the entire nation according to their responsibilities. Explore the establishment of a compensation mechanism for state-owned natural resource asset damage, and make good connections with procuratorial public interest litigation systems and ecological and environmental damage compensation systems. Entities performing owner duties and entities undertaking maintenance work are responsible for discovering, verifying, claiming and reporting asset damage in accordance with legal duties or inventory management matters, and have the right to require infringers to stop the infringement, restore the original situation, pay damages, and file lawsuits in court as plaintiffs in accordance with law.
(11) Improve the unified reporting system for natural resource assets. Improve the mechanism for the government to make special reports on the management of state-owned natural resource assets to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress at the same level. Establish a mechanism for managing natural resources assets and reporting on performance of duties. The status and management of state-owned natural resources assets are announced to the public in accordance with the law, and are subject to social supervision.
7. Strengthen organizational implementation
Adhere to the Party Central Committee's centralized and unified leadership of natural resource asset management. Strengthen the organization and coordination of natural resource asset management in accordance with the requirements of central coordination, overall responsibility of the province, and implementation by cities and counties. All relevant departments in all regions should establish and implement a correct view of political performance, cooperate closely, promote integrated management through full-chain collaboration, strengthen monitoring and early warning of all types of risks, enhance risk prevention and control capabilities, and ensure implementation of various natural resource asset management systems. It is necessary to strictly clarify disciplinary rules, strengthen supervision, discipline enforcement and accountability, and continue to deepen positive discipline and fight corruption in the natural resources sector. Improve legislation in the field of natural resource assets, strictly enforce the law and administer justice fairly. Improve scientific and technological support capabilities, and strengthen the construction of disciplines and talent teams related to natural resource assets. Strengthen the informatization of natural resource asset management and promote information sharing. Improve the quality and efficiency of green finance services, and guide financial institutions to increase financial support in areas such as natural resource protection and utilization in accordance with the principles of market-based and rule-of-law. Establish an incentive mechanism to encourage all regions to explore differentiated reforms in line with actual practice. The Ministry of Natural Resources, together with relevant departments, shall promptly study and resolve the new situations and issues that have arisen during the implementation of this opinion. Request instructions and reports on important matters to the Party Central Committee and the State Council in accordance with the procedures in a timely manner.
This article is reprinted from “Xinhua News Agency”, Zhitong Finance Editor: Chen Siyu.